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Radioamatööriwikistä
Siirry navigaatioon Siirry hakuun
>Oh2mqk
(ensimmäinen rääpäle)
 
>Oh2mqk
(English edition of Ilmari-2007)
Rivi 4: Rivi 4:
:In English: this page
:In English: this page


The [[Ilmari-2007]] is the first flight of a balloon borne radio amateur payload a project which started back in 2003.
The [[Ilmari-2007]] is the first flight (series) of a balloon borne radio amateur payload project, which started back in 2003.
This is one of longer series of [[Ilmari]]-balloons.
This is one of longer series of [[Ilmari]]-balloons that have only this name in common.


== Lento / Flight ==
== Lento / Flight ==
Rivi 13: Rivi 13:
A flight in planning: more on page [[Ilmari-2007b]] (finnish only)
A flight in planning: more on page [[Ilmari-2007b]] (finnish only)


== Operation instructions ==
On 2007-09-02 at 07:00 UTC, or soon after that..
=== Miten työskennellä oikeaoppisesti Ilmari-2007:n kautta ? ===
'''Ilmari-2007''' on työskenneltävissä millä tahansa SSB/CW kykyisellä radiolla joka kykenee lähettämään 144 MHz bandilla ja vastaanottamaan 437 MHz:lla.
Helpointa se on satelliitti-transpondereiden työskentelyyn tarkoitetuilla radioilla, kuten ''Yaesu FT-847'' tai ''Kenwood TS-2000'', joka osaa träkätä lähetyksen ja vastaanoton taajuuksia keskenään automaattisesti, muilla radioilla ilman satelliitti-transponder -ominaisuutta se on hieman hankalempaa ja keskenään oikeiden taajuuksien löytämisessä voi mennä hetki.


Transponderi on ns. invertoiva, eli kun virität lähetintä taajuudessa ylöspäin, vastaanottotaajuutesi tulee alaspäin.
Taajuuslistassa tämä ilmaistaan siten, että ''lähetys ja vastaanottotaajuuksien summa on vakio.''
Myöskin SSB-lähetteesi sivunauha kääntyy!  144 MHz:lla lähettäessäsi pitäisi käyttää LSB:tä, jolloin 437 MHz:lla vastaanotto tapahtuu USB:nä.


Tämä invertointi on tarkoitettu edes osittain kompensoimaan satelliitin rataliikkeen tuottamaa Doppler-ilmiötä.
== Operation instructions ==
Ilmapallolla se ei olisi tarpeen, mutta tässä saa harjoitella satelliitin työskentelyä.
=== How to properly work via Ilmari-2007 ? ===
Ilmari-2007 can be worked with any SSB/CW radio combination you have handy for 144 MHz and 437 MHz.
The uplink band, the band you must transmit in, is 144 MHz and the downlink band, the band you receive in, is 437 MHz.
One thing you must take into account is that the transponder is inverting.
This means that if you tune your transmit frequency upwards, your downlink receive frequency will go downwards.
Also, your sideband will be inverted, i.e. your default SSB uplink mode (should be LSB on 144 MHz) will be returned to you by the ''Ilmari'' transponder as a 70 cm band USB signal.
This is because it is designed as a low orbit satellite (high Doppler shift) transponder allowing some cancellation of Doppler.


Työskennellessäsi Ilmari-2007:ää, aloita ensiksi paikantaen transponderin downlink-taajuuden ennen kuin lähetät mitään.
In theory following settings on a rig with "satellite mode" will set you right:
Jos Ilmari-2007 on horisonttisi yllä, 437 MHz:n CW majakan kuulemisessa ei pitäisi olla mitään ongelmia.
Kyseinen majakka on päästökaistan lähellä jolloin päästökaistalta pitäisi jo kuulua signaaleja.
 
Aloita virittäminen tunnistaen majakan signaalivoimakkuus radiosi S-mittarilla.
Sitten valitse päästökaistalta vapaa kohta (mahdollisesti siinä on pohjakohinaa) ja viritä lähettimesi taajuussuunnitelman mukaiselle taajuudelle: '''<code>f(Tx) = 581.691 - f(Rx)</code>'''
 
Tässä voit käyttää myös satelliittikäyttöön suunniteltua radiota ja asetella suoraan oikeat moodiparametrit:
* SAT-mode, TRK-REV
* SAT-mode, TRK-REV
* Tx taajuus: 144.305, SSB LSB
* Tx frequency: 144.305, SSB LSB
* Rx taajuus: 437.386, SSB USB
* Rx frequency: 437.386, SSB USB
Translaattorin sisäiset oskillaattorit saattavat toki ryömiä, jolloin nämä taajuudet tietysti muuttuvat.
:'''<code>f(Tx) = 581.691 - f(Rx)</code>'''
''Trimmaa taajuudet oheisella käsikäyttöohjeella ja '''ennenkaikkea säädä lähetystehosi oheisen ohjeen mukaan!'''''
In practice the transponder oscillators have fairly severe temperature dependency and the frequency may change as much as 5 kHz!
 
 
'''''Aloita erittäin matalalla lähetysteholla''''' (0.01 .. 0.1 Wattia!  '''Mitään lineaarivahvistimia ei saa käyttää!''') ja koeta lähettää vakiotehoinen testisignaali (CW on oikein hyvä, myös moduloimaton ( = mic gain nollilla ) AM toimii, tai kapea moduloimaton FM) virittaen vastaanotintasi muutaman kHz sisällä edestakaisin.
Kun olet asettanut taajuudet oikein, signaalisi pitäisi kuulua ongelmitta päästökaistalta.
'''Säädä lähettimesi teho siten, että signaalisi voimakkuus on yhden (1) S-yksikön verran (6dB) heikompi, kuin majakan teho.'''
''Tämä on äärimmäisen tärkeää, jotta et aiheuta säröä muiden majakan käyttäjien signaaleille, etkä omallesikaan!''
 
 
'''Muista, että tämä translaattori on erittäin herkkä eikä siedä ylisuuria tehoja käyttäjiltään!''' Sen lähtöteho on riittävä tullakseen kuulluksi milloin tahansa se on horisonttisi yllä!  Tämä translaattori suunniteltiin matalan kiertoradan satelliitin linkkibudjeteille (ja toteutus onnistui korkean kiertoradan satelliitin linkkibudjetille...)
Käytä lähettimessäsi jotain ympärisäteilevää antennia ja laita se talosi "väärälle puolelle", jos et muuten saa lähetystehoa minimoitua. '''Yagin käyttäminen lähetyksessä antaa helposti liikaa tehoa!'''


'''Ja viimeinen huomautus: FM on ehdottomasti kielletty Ilmari-2007 2m/70cm translaattorissa!'''
Translaattorin päästökaistalle mahtuu ''kaksi'' FM signaalia, tai 10 SSB signaalia (4 kHz välein,) tai 40+ CW signaalia ( 1 kHz välein )


Kiinnostuneille mutta ilman radioamatöörilisenssiä oleville, Ilmari-2007 tarjoaa useita mielenkiintoisia signaaleja lupavapaaseen vastaanottoon: translaattorin liikenne, 1.3 GHz FM ATV televisiokuva, 70cm pakettitelemetria samoin kuin 70cm ja 80m bandien CW majakat.
When working Ilmari-2007, you should always first locate the transponder downlink before transmitting.
If the balloon is above the radio horizon for you observation point, you should have no problem whatsoever copying the downlink CW beacon that is close to the ‘passband’, the  approximately 38 kHz band that is fully usable by SSB/CW and compatible modes.  


07.06.2004 Michael Fletcher, OH2AUE & OH2FM<br>
You should then note the peak level of the beacon on your receiver S meter.
Ilmari-2007 Payload Manager<br>
After this, select a spot free of traffic in the passband (you might be able to hear the passband noise in your receiver too) and tune your transmitter to the corresponding uplink frequency calculated from the frequency plan.  
AMSAT-OH Chairman<br>
http://www.kolumbus.fi/michael.fletcher/ilmari.htm


=== How to properly work via Ilmari-2007 ? ===
'''Starting with very low power to start with (absolutely no linear amplifiers allowed here !)''', you can try transmitting a steady carrier like CW and tuning your receiver around a few kilohertz.
Ilmari-2007 can be worked with any SSB/CW radio combination you have handy for 144 MHz and 437 MHz. The uplink band, the band you must transmit in, is 144 MHz and the downlink band, the band you receive in, is 437 MHz. One thing you must take into account is that the transponder is inverting. This means that if you tune your transmit frequency upwards, your downlink receive frequency will go downwards. Also, your sideband will be inverted, i.e. your default SSB uplink mode (should be LSB on 144 MHz) will be returned to you by the Ilmari transponder as a 70 cm band USB signal. This is because it is designed as a low orbit satellite (high Doppler shift) transponder allowing some cancellation of Doppler.
You should have absolutely no problem hearing your downlink after you have found the correct frequency. Set your transmit power so that your downlink signal is one (1) S unit, i.e. approx. 6 dB below the observed beacon peak level.
This is very important so as to avoid causing distortion to everybody else on the transponder.  


When working Ilmari-2007, you should always first locate the transponder downlink before transmitting. If the balloon is above the radio horizon for you observation point, you should have no problem whatsoever copying the downlink CW beacon that is close to the ‘passband’, the  approximately 38 kHz band that is fully usable by SSB/CW and compatible modes.  
Please remember that this transponder is very sensitive indeed and the output power is quite sufficient to be copied whenever the transponder is above your horizon.
This transponder has been designed to specifications of a low earth orbit satellite !


You should then note the peak level of the beacon on your receiver S meter. After this, select a spot free of traffic in the passband (you might be able to hear the passband noise in your receiver too) and tune your transmitter to the corresponding uplink frequency calculated from the frequency plan.  
:At 100 km distance the recommended ERP for uplink is ___ dBm, that is: 0.___ Watts on 10 dB gain Yagi!
:At 200 km distance: ___ dBm, that is 0.____ Watts on 10 dB gain Yagi
:At 300 km distance ...


Starting with very low power to start with (absolutely no linear amplifiers allowed here !), you can try transmitting a steady carrier like CW and tuning your receiver around a few kilohertz. You should have absolutely no problem hearing your downlink after you have found the correct frequency. Set your transmit power so that your downlink signal is one (1) S unit, i.e. approx. 6 dB below the observed beacon peak level. This is very important so as to avoid causing distortion to everybody else on the transponder.  
Yagis are ''not recommended'' for transmit antenna, consider using single dipole! (or magnetic car rooftop whip)
Place it on wrong side of your house if you still use too much transmit power and have already minimized outgoing power!
If you have to use Yagis, at least point them enough offset to reduce 144 MHz gain towards '''Ilmari-2007'''.


Please remember that the transponder is very sensitive indeed and the output power is quite sufficient to be copied whenever the transponder is above your horizon. This transponder has been designed to specifications of a low earth orbit satellite !
If you use too much power, the command team will at first try to tell you to reduce the power, or if that does not help, they may have to turn off the transponder for some moments.


And a final note: ''FM is absolutely forbidden on the Ilmari-2007 2m/70cm transponder.''
And a final note: ''FM is absolutely forbidden on the Ilmari-2007 2m/70cm transponder.''
(This is '''linear''' transponder and the pass-band is only 40 kHz wide!)


For non-licenced enthusiasts, Ilmari-2007 offers many interesting signals for licence-free reception, like the transponder traffic itself, the 1.3 GHz amateur FM television transmission (you can use a regular TV satellite receiver and preamp with suitable aerial for reception), 70 cm packet telemetry for observing onboard flight data and GPS location information with the same data available in CW over the 70 cm and 80 m beacons.
For non-licenced enthusiasts, Ilmari-2007 offers many interesting signals for licence-free reception, like the transponder traffic itself, the 1.3 GHz amateur FM television transmission (you can use a regular TV satellite receiver and preamp with suitable aerial for reception), 70 cm packet telemetry for observing onboard flight data and GPS location information with the same data available in CW over the 70 cm and 80 m beacons.
Rivi 80: Rivi 67:




== APRS kutsumerkki / APRS callsign ==
== APRS callsign ==
'''OH2SIX-11'''
'''OH2SIX-11'''
Mutta koska sillä tulevassa paketissa on pahasti rikkonainen korkeustieto, lentää myöskin virtuaalipallo:
'''OH2SIX-12'''
jossa virheet on korjattu.


However as altitude data is broken in that packet, a virtual balloon
However as altitude data is broken in that packet, a virtual balloon
Rivi 95: Rivi 78:
* Google Earth tracking OH2SIX-12 virtual balloon: http://aprs.he.fi/aprs.kml?call=OH2SIX-12
* Google Earth tracking OH2SIX-12 virtual balloon: http://aprs.he.fi/aprs.kml?call=OH2SIX-12


=== APRS-AzEl "tykkilaskin" ===
Tämä UNIX-työkalu laskee kohteelle APRS-tiedosta atsimuutin ja elevaation jolla sitten voi suunnata omia antenneja esim. ATV-signaalin vastaanottoon.  (Tämän ajaminen Windowsissa ''saattaa'' olla mahdollista, se on varsin kompakti Perl ohjelma.)
Tämä työkalu ottaa kiinni APRS-IS -verkkoon dataa saadakseen, pitää siis olla internetissä tai sitten olla oma paikallinen APRS-IS jota syötetään radiosta saatavin paikkatiedoin.
Tämä tehtiin [http://www.viestikallio.fi/ Viestikallion] 4m peilin suuntauslaskentaa varten.
Ladattavissa:
* http://ham.zmailer.org/oh2mqk/aprsazel/


=== APRS-AzEl "gunnery-calculator" ===
=== APRS-AzEl "gunnery-calculator" ===

Versio 18. elokuuta 2007 kello 02.21

Suomeksi: Ilmari-2007
På Svenska: Ilmari-2007.sv
In English: this page

The Ilmari-2007 is the first flight (series) of a balloon borne radio amateur payload project, which started back in 2003. This is one of longer series of Ilmari-balloons that have only this name in common.

Lento / Flight

Ilmari-2007a 2007-08-11

More on separate Ilmari-2007a page.

Ilmari-2007b 2007-09-02

A flight in planning: more on page Ilmari-2007b (finnish only)

On 2007-09-02 at 07:00 UTC, or soon after that..


Operation instructions

How to properly work via Ilmari-2007 ?

Ilmari-2007 can be worked with any SSB/CW radio combination you have handy for 144 MHz and 437 MHz. The uplink band, the band you must transmit in, is 144 MHz and the downlink band, the band you receive in, is 437 MHz. One thing you must take into account is that the transponder is inverting. This means that if you tune your transmit frequency upwards, your downlink receive frequency will go downwards. Also, your sideband will be inverted, i.e. your default SSB uplink mode (should be LSB on 144 MHz) will be returned to you by the Ilmari transponder as a 70 cm band USB signal. This is because it is designed as a low orbit satellite (high Doppler shift) transponder allowing some cancellation of Doppler.

In theory following settings on a rig with "satellite mode" will set you right:

  • SAT-mode, TRK-REV
  • Tx frequency: 144.305, SSB LSB
  • Rx frequency: 437.386, SSB USB
f(Tx) = 581.691 - f(Rx)

In practice the transponder oscillators have fairly severe temperature dependency and the frequency may change as much as 5 kHz!


When working Ilmari-2007, you should always first locate the transponder downlink before transmitting. If the balloon is above the radio horizon for you observation point, you should have no problem whatsoever copying the downlink CW beacon that is close to the ‘passband’, the approximately 38 kHz band that is fully usable by SSB/CW and compatible modes.

You should then note the peak level of the beacon on your receiver S meter. After this, select a spot free of traffic in the passband (you might be able to hear the passband noise in your receiver too) and tune your transmitter to the corresponding uplink frequency calculated from the frequency plan.

Starting with very low power to start with (absolutely no linear amplifiers allowed here !), you can try transmitting a steady carrier like CW and tuning your receiver around a few kilohertz. You should have absolutely no problem hearing your downlink after you have found the correct frequency. Set your transmit power so that your downlink signal is one (1) S unit, i.e. approx. 6 dB below the observed beacon peak level. This is very important so as to avoid causing distortion to everybody else on the transponder.

Please remember that this transponder is very sensitive indeed and the output power is quite sufficient to be copied whenever the transponder is above your horizon. This transponder has been designed to specifications of a low earth orbit satellite !

At 100 km distance the recommended ERP for uplink is ___ dBm, that is: 0.___ Watts on 10 dB gain Yagi!
At 200 km distance: ___ dBm, that is 0.____ Watts on 10 dB gain Yagi
At 300 km distance ...

Yagis are not recommended for transmit antenna, consider using single dipole! (or magnetic car rooftop whip) Place it on wrong side of your house if you still use too much transmit power and have already minimized outgoing power! If you have to use Yagis, at least point them enough offset to reduce 144 MHz gain towards Ilmari-2007.

If you use too much power, the command team will at first try to tell you to reduce the power, or if that does not help, they may have to turn off the transponder for some moments.

And a final note: FM is absolutely forbidden on the Ilmari-2007 2m/70cm transponder. (This is linear transponder and the pass-band is only 40 kHz wide!)

For non-licenced enthusiasts, Ilmari-2007 offers many interesting signals for licence-free reception, like the transponder traffic itself, the 1.3 GHz amateur FM television transmission (you can use a regular TV satellite receiver and preamp with suitable aerial for reception), 70 cm packet telemetry for observing onboard flight data and GPS location information with the same data available in CW over the 70 cm and 80 m beacons.

07.06.2004 Michael Fletcher, OH2AUE & OH2FM
Ilmari-2007 Payload Manager
AMSAT-OH Chairman
http://www.kolumbus.fi/michael.fletcher/ilmari.htm


APRS callsign

OH2SIX-11

However as altitude data is broken in that packet, a virtual balloon OH2SIX-12 flies with fixes altitude data.


APRS-AzEl "gunnery-calculator"

This UNIX-tool calculates target azimuth and elevation which enables directing your own antenna to for example for the ATV-signal reception. (You might be able to run this on windows, it is written in Perl.)

This tool attaches itself into APRS-IS -network, meaning that user must have live internet connection or then have private internal APRS-IS instance which is fed ARPS packets from locally attached radio.

This tool was made to calculate directions for a 4m fully steerable antenna to be used to downlink balloon's 1.3 GHz FM ATV signal.


Downloadable at:

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